DEVICE=eth0
HWADDR=48
2A
90:2FTYPE=Ethernet
UUID=c36ad305-b85f-4bed-8226-f66cde9e5a12
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=yes
BOOTPROTO=dhcp
yum -y install bash-completion psmisc sysstat net-tools lrzsz telnet tree nc zip unzip gcc gcc-c++
systemctl stop iptables.service
systemctl disable iptables.service
systemctl stop firewalld.service
systemctl disable firewalld.service
setenforce 0
sed -i 's/^\(SELINUX=\).*/\1disabled/' /etc/selinux/config
修改主机名：vi /etc/sysconfig/network
HOSTNAME=centos
修改 hosts：vi /etc/hosts
192.168.100.1 CentOS
更改语言：
找到和编辑系统配置
[root@www ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/i18n
把原配置
LANG=”zh_CN.UTF-8″
修改为
LANG=”en_US.UTF-8″
修改网卡配置：
vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
动态：
DEVICE=eth0
HWADDR=482A90:2F
TYPE=Ethernet
UUID=c36ad305-b85f-4bed-8226-f66cde9e5a12
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=yes
BOOTPROTO=dhcp
静态：网关和DNS直接在这里改
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=192.168.100.174
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.100.1
DNS1=...
修改网关配置：不需要
vi /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes
HOSTNAME=centos
GATEWAY=192.168.100.254
修改DNS配置：不需要
vi /etc/resolv.conf
nameserver 8.8.8.8
查看路由:
route -n
netstat -nr
ip route
添加临时路由：
//添加到主机的路由
route add -host 192.168.1.10 gw 192.168.1.254
route add -host 192.168.1.10 dev eth0
//添加到网络的路由
route add -net 192.168.1.0/24 gw 10.1.1.254
route add -net 192.168.1.0/24 dev eth1
route add -net 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 10.1.1.254
route add -net 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 dev eth1
//添加默认网关
route add default gw 192.168.1.1
//删除路由
route del –host 192.168.1.11 dev eth0
//多网卡可以同时指定网卡和网关
route add -net 10.31.23.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 10.1.73.1 dev eth1
route add -net 10.31.23.0/24 gw 10.1.73.1 dev eth1
//10.31.20.0-10.31.23.0
route add -net 10.31.20.0/22 gw 10.1.73.1 eth1
添加永久路由:
vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/route-eth0
192.168.1.0/24 via 192.168.1.254
修改网络的简单方法：
setup
选择：Network configuration
Tab到：Run Tool
选择：Edit Devices 配置IP、网关等
选择：Edit DNS configuration 配置DNS
vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
配置：ONBOOT=yes （开机激活网卡）
重启网络：
service network restart
nameserver 58.22.96.66
nameserver 8.8.8.8
ifconfig eth0 up
dhcllient
重启网卡：
service network restart 或 /etc/init.d/network restart
启动ssh服务:
service sshd restart 或 /etc/init.d/sshd restart
安装软件：yum音标:jʌm。
yum install 安装单个软件，以及这个软件的依赖关系，如：
yum install mysql
yum groupinstall 安装一个安装包，这个安装包包涵了很多单个软件，以及单个软件的依赖关系，如：
yum groupinstall "MySQL Database"
yum info * 查看单个软件的安装信息，如：yum info mysql
区别：
MySQL Database安装包包括mysql,mysql-server,mysql-bench等，安装这个包，会同时安装这些。
如果是用yum install mysql来安装mysql的话，则只是安装了MySQL Database这个包里面的mysql部分。
通常安装后删除，但亦可通过配置保留：
vi /etc/yum.conf
keepcache=0 #为下载后清除
keepcache=1 #为下载后保存
yum install -y bash-completion
新命令
ifconfig: ip address
netstat: ss -lnpt
route: ip -route
traceroute/traceroute6: tracepath
fuser killall pstree
yum -y install psmisc
ifconfig, netstat, route
yum -y install net-tools
sar、sadf、mpstat、iostat、pidstat
yum -y install sysstat
在CentOS8.0中默认不再支持ntp软件包，时间同步将由chrony来实现，像我这种习惯了ntp同步时间的，一时难以去适应chrony。
本文将通过wlnmp提供的源，来安装ntp服务
rpm -ivh http://mirrors.wlnmp.com/centos/wlnmp-release-centos.noarch.rpm
yum install wntp
获取操作系统和版本号
function os_version()
{
os=unknown
if [ -f /etc/redhat-release ] && [ ! -L /etc/redhat-release ];
then
#Red Hat 5/6/7
os=$(cat /etc/redhat-release | grep "Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release" -c);
[ $os == 1 ] && os=rhel
version=$(cat /etc/redhat-release | awk -F " " '{print $7}');
elif [ -f /etc/centos-release ] && [ ! -L /etc/centos-release ];
then
#CentOS 6/7
#CentOS release 6.5 (Final)
#CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core)
os=$(cat /etc/centos-release | grep "CentOS" -c);
[ $os == 1 ] && os=centos
version=$(cat /etc/centos-release | awk -F " " '{print $(NF-1)}'); #$(NF-1)倒数第二列
elif [ -f /etc/openEuler-release ] && [ ! -L /etc/openEuler-release ];
then
#openEuler release 22.03 (LTS-SP3)
os=$(cat /etc/openEuler-release | grep "openEuler" -c);
[ $os == 1 ] && os=openEuler
version=$(cat /etc/openEuler-release | awk -F " " '{print $(NF-1)}'); #$(NF-1)倒数第二列
elif [ -f /etc/alinux-release ] && [ ! -L /etc/alinux-release ];
then
#Alibaba Cloud Linux (Aliyun Linux) release 2.1903 LTS (Hunting Beagle)
os=$(cat /etc/alinux-release | grep "Aliyun Linux" -c);
[ $os == 1 ] && os=alinux
version=$(cat /etc/alinux-release | awk -F " " '{print $(NF-3)}'); #$(NF-1)倒数第三列
elif [ -f /etc/SuSE-release ];
then
#SUSE 11
os=$(cat /etc/SuSE-release | grep "SUSE Linux Enterprise Server" -c);
[ $os == 1 ] && os=suse
VERSION=`sed '/^VERSION =/!d;s/.*=\s*//' /etc/SuSE-release`
PATCHLEVEL=`sed '/^PATCHLEVEL =/!d;s/.*=\s*//' /etc/SuSE-release`
version=${VERSION}.${PATCHLEVEL}
else
os=$(lsb_release -d | awk -F ':' '{print $2}' | sed 's/\t\(.*\)/\1/')
fi
echo ${os}:${version}
}